Perhaps this will help .....
With regards to the first part of the solution provided ...
He paid (2170+560)/2 = $1365 for the t-shirt [Q=> we are told he paid $2170 altog, how can 560 then be added to 2170? why?]
assume divide by 2 as its t-shirt and jeans?
This is just manipulation of the numbers. I believe most people would take a longer approach like I have done in my solution above ie
Spent $560 more for the T-Shirts
--> $2170-$560=$1610
--> $1610/2=$805 or ($2170-$560)/2
--> $805 for Jeans and $805+$560=$1365 for T-Shirts
Try this, you will see it's the same ...
--> ($2170-$560)/2 + $560
--> $2170/2 - $560/2 + $560
--> $2170/2 + $560/2
--> ($2170 + $560)/2